Exhaust emissions from seven motorcycles were measured using three separate procedures for each bike. The first procedure used for the motorcycle tests was the Federal '7-mode' direct sampling procedure (applicable to 1970 and 1971 model year light duty vehicles), modified where necessary. The motorcycles were also tested on the Federal 'LA-4' bag sampling procedure (applicable to 1972 and newer light duty vehicles), modified as necessary. The final procedure used was a series of steady-state conditions designed to cover the range of operating conditions experienced by each motorcycle. The exhaust products measured during the steady-state tests included: total hydrocarbons; light hydrocarbons; CO; CO2; NO; NOx; O2; total aliphatic aldehydes and formaldehyde; particulate; and exhaust smoke. The motorcycles were operated on a modified automotive chassis dynamometer, and the emissions results are used in conjunction with statistics on motorcycle population and usage to estimate national emissions impact.
Exhaust Emissions from Uncontrolled Vehicles and Related Equipment Using Internal Combustion Engines. Part 3: Motorcycles
1973
174 pages
Report
No indication
English
Air Pollution & Control , Reciprocation & Rotating Combustion Engines , Motorcycles , Exhaust gases , Air pollution , Particles , Formaldehyde , Aldehydes , Hydrocarbons , Carbon monoxide , Carbon dioxide , Nitrogen oxides , Smokes , Oxygen , Tests , Road tests , Chemical analysis , Data tables , Sulfur oxides , Small engines
Exhaust Emissions from Small, Utility, Internal Combustion Engines
SAE Technical Papers | 1972
|Exhaust nanoparticle emissions from internal combustion engines: A review
Springer Verlag | 2011
|Exhaust nanoparticle emissions from internal combustion engines: A review
British Library Online Contents | 2012
|Reduction of exhaust gas emissions of motorcycles
Automotive engineering | 1991
|