A method 2090 of determining at least one fuel characteristic of a fuel provided to an aircraft propulsion system comprising a gas turbine engine. The method comprises making an operational change 2092 using a controllable component of the propulsion system to affect operation of the engine, sensing a response 2094 to the operational change and determining the fuel characteristic(s) 2096 based on the response. The operational change may comprise changing the temperature of fuel entering a combustor, and the response may comprise a change in power output from the engine, a change in fuel degradation or coking, a change in engine pressure and/or a change in engine temperature. The operational change may comprise changing variable inlet guide vane scheduling, and the response may comprise a change in gas temperature at the entrance to a turbine and/or a temperature rise across a combustor. The determined fuel characteristic may be a percentage of sustainable aviation fuel, aromatic hydrocarbon content, percentage of nitrogen-containing species, presence or percentage of a tracer or trace substance, hydrogen to carbon ratio, hydrocarbon distribution, level of non-volatile particulate matter emissions on combustion, naphthalene content, sulphur content, cycloparaffin content, oxygen content, thermal stability, level of coking, an indication that the fuel is a fossil fuel, and/or at least one of density, viscosity, calorific value, and heat capacity.
Aircraft fuel management
2024-02-21
Patent
Electronic Resource
English
Engineering Index Backfile | 1969
|Emerald Group Publishing | 1969
|Improving Aircraft Fuel-Thermal Management
SAE Technical Papers | 1993
|Integrated Aircraft Fuel Thermal Management
SAE Technical Papers | 1986
|Improving aircraft fuel-thermal management
Tema Archive | 1993
|