Highlights ► We examine temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly. ► Effect of solar cycle and seasons on EIA is local time dependent. ► EIA crest exhibits the feature of latitudinal shifting with increasing solar activity. ► Parameterization of the location and foF2 of the EIA crest has been performed. ► Gaussian fitting over the latitudinal distribution of foF2 has been performed.

    Abstract The paper deals with the study of temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) phenomenon along with its dependence on solar activity and season during the 19th solar cycle by using seven Indian ionosonde stations. Present study is an attempt to carry out the comprehensive study of EIA by using the limited number of ground based instruments. This has been achieved by performing the Gaussian fitting over the latitudinal distribution of F2-region critical frequency (foF2) data. Results reveal that the phenomenon of EIA has a strong dependence on solar activity and seasons. The EIA crest exhibits the feature of latitudinal shifting and expansion with increasing solar activity. It is found out that the effect of solar cycle and seasons on EIA is local time dependent. The observations were also compared with the IRI-2001 model predictions and results reveal that the model values are in general agreement with the observed values with some discrepancies, particularly during the high solar activity period and morning sector. The results have been discussed in the light of relative contribution from transequatorial interhemispheric neutral wind and strength of equatorial fountain process during different local time, season and solar activity levels. Furthermore, an attempt is made to parameterize the location and foF2 of the EIA crest by using the regression analysis. These results can be used to predict the latitudinal position and foF2 of the EIA crest for any given 12-month running average sunspot number (R12).


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    Title :

    Temporal and spatial variation of equatorial ionization anomaly by using multistation ionosonde data for the 19th solar cycle over the Indian region


    Contributors:
    Yadav, Sneha (author) / Dabas, R.S. (author) / Das, Rupesh M. (author) / Upadhayaya, A.K. (author) / Gwal, A.K. (author)

    Published in:

    Advances in Space Research ; 51 , 7 ; 1253-1265


    Publication date :

    2012-11-13


    Size :

    13 pages




    Type of media :

    Article (Journal)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English