Highlights Capacity fade of LiFePO4, NCM-Mn and NCM-LMO is investigated combined with real-world driving data. 4 combinations of calendar and cycle capacity fade models in 3 vehicle architectures are implemented in TEMA. 220 capacity fade scenarios are analysed, based on GPS driving data from 16,263 vehicles. 41 out of 220 scenarios give a capacity drop below 80% of the nominal battery capacity in less than 5 years. NCM-LMO capacity fade model is validated at vehicle level against experimental UBE data.
Abstract This work aims at combining recent capacity fade performance-based models for Lithium-ion batteries with the real-world vehicle driving data to develop a case study for predicting the capacity fade of the battery of electric vehicles. The study adopts the calendar and cycle capacity fade of three Li-ion chemistries in three different battery architectures combined with five different recharging strategies, delivering 220 scenarios in total. The results show that most of the combinations of Li-ion chemistries, battery architectures, and recharge strategies do not lead to battery capacity drop below 80% of its nominal value in less than 5 calendar years for a driving profile of up to 1000 km/month. At higher monthly mileage, LiFePO4 and NCM battery chemistries with spinel Mn might have values below 5 years. Instead, NCM-LMO appears not to go below this threshold regardless of the mileage for a 16S-72P-6S battery architecture, with the first life above 10 years. The work also includes an experimental validation with a comparison between capacity fade predictions of NCM-LMO model with real-world measurements from two test-vehicles in a mileage accumulation test campaign.
A case study to predict the capacity fade of the battery of electrified vehicles in real-world use conditions
2019-11-08
18 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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