Highlights We study a two-echelon autonomous urban delivery problem with time window. Formulate the problem as a MILP and provide an effective hybrid metaheuristic approach with backtracking. Implement a sensitivity analysis for vehicle speed combinations. We recommend to keep SAV speeds rather low for a more pedestrian friendly environment in practical implementations.
Abstract We introduce a two-echelon urban delivery problem with second-level unmanned vehicles. This problem typically applies for delivering parcels or other small commodities to pedestrianized areas such as campuses or residential clusters. To model the proposed vehicle routing problem, we introduce a mixed-integer program. We further propose construction heuristics and a hybrid metaheuristic approach with backtracking for solving larger instances. A sensitivity analysis for vehicle speed combinations reveals that increasing small autonomous vehicle (SAV) speeds has only very limited effects on cost. We therefore recommend to keep SAV speeds rather low because of a more pedestrian friendly environment in practical implementations.
Two-echelon urban deliveries using autonomous vehicles
2020-06-21
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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