Abstract Vehicle timetabling and scheduling in a public transit system are usually performed separately, with the output of timetabling serving as the input of scheduling. An obvious drawback of this sequential planning method is that the trade-off between bus timetables and vehicle schedules may be neglected when determining solutions, which in turn results in that the obtained solutions may be inferior to those produced using an integrated framework. For example, a well-planned timetable may result in a schedule that requires a large vehicle fleet size with more operational cost, while a well-planned schedule may reduce the quality of a bus timetable by limiting the use of vehicles. In this paper, we introduce a time-space network-based framework for integrating electric bus timetabling and scheduling, with minimum and maximum headway times, depot requirements, deadheading and vehicle battery capacities considerations. The underlying time-space network is constructed with well-designed inventory arcs that represent multiple operations a bus may execute, thus decreasing the network size. Using the constructed network, we formulate the considered problem with a multi-commodity network flow model and develop a Lagrangian relaxation heuristic that consists of three phases, including generating relaxed solutions, making relaxed solutions feasible, and improving feasible solutions, to solve the integrated model. Tests on a set of instances confirm that the proposed integrated solution method can efficiently produce bus timetables and schedules with valid bounds, indicate that the integrated method can produce better solutions where the profit is increased by 5.29%–20.28%, and show how the headway times, service trip profit and operating cost settings affect the solution.

    Highlights An integrated electric bus timetabling and scheduling problem is presented. Minimum and maximum headway times, battery capacities, etc, are considered. A multi-commodity network flow model for the integrated problem is presented. A Lagrangian relaxation heuristic is developed based on a time-space network. Tests on bus lines show the advantages of the integrated optimization method.


    Access

    Check access

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Integrated electric bus timetabling and scheduling problem


    Contributors:


    Publication date :

    2023-02-08




    Type of media :

    Article (Journal)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English




    A matheuristic for integrated timetabling and vehicle scheduling

    Carosi, Samuela / Frangioni, Antonio / Galli, Laura et al. | Elsevier | 2019


    Combined Timetabling and Vehicle Scheduling for Electric Buses

    QUTTINEH, N-H. / HÄLL, C. H. / EKSTRÖM, J. et al. | TIBKAT | 2017


    Integrated Approach to Vehicle Scheduling and Bus Timetabling for an Electric Bus Line

    Teng, Jing / Chen, Tong / Fan, Wei “David” | ASCE | 2019


    The crew timetabling problem: An extension of the crew scheduling problem

    Gomes, M. C. / Cavique, L. s. / Themido, I. | British Library Conference Proceedings | 2006


    Passenger centric train timetabling problem

    Robenek, Tomáš | Online Contents | 2016