Highlights Many papers that study air quality in road tunnels have been analyzed. The characteristics of the tunnels and the concentrations of pollutants have been summarized. The emission factors of the vehicles circulating in the tunnels have been indicated.
Abstract Air quality is a widespread problem with the presence of pollutants in indoor and outdoor environments that generate significant consequences for the population, ecosystems and exposed materials. Vehicular traffic is one of the main sources of air pollutants and, therefore, needs to be studied and analysed in detail. This review reported the results of studies conducted on tunnels, in particular for the measurement of concentrations and the definition of emission factors. The characteristics of the tunnels, available ventilation systems, type of vehicular traffic, and geographical distribution, in addition to concentrations and emission factors, are discussed. Light-duty vehicles are the most frequent category in the case studies. Between the fuels used, gasoline is by far the most widespread. Pollutant concentrations concentrations can reach very high levels. For example, atmospheric particulates (with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 µm) and nitrogen dioxide have also reached levels of 1490 µg/m3 and 4982 µg/m3, respectively.
Roadway tunnels: A critical review of air pollutant concentrations and vehicular emissions
2020-01-01
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Vehicle emission factor , Roadway tunnel , Pollutant concentration, exhaust emission , Air quality , IARC , International Agency for Research on Cancer , BTEX , Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene , CO , Carbon monoxide , EF , Emission Factor , LDV e HDV , Light-Duty Vehicles and Heavy-Duty Vehicles , MTBE , Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether , NH<inf>3</inf> , Ammonia , NMHC , Non-Methane Hydrocarbons , NO , Nitric oxide , NO<inf>2</inf> , Nitrogen dioxide , NOx , Oxidised nitrogen species , O<inf>3</inf> , Ground-level ozone , OC and EC , Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon , PAH , Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons , PM , Particulate Matter , SO<inf>2</inf> , Sulphur dioxide , SOA , Secondary Organic Aerosols , TPS , Total Suspended Particular , UNEP , UN Environment Programme , VOC , Volatile Organic Compounds , WB , World Bank , WHO , World Health Organisation
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