This thesis investigates cooperative maneuvers for aerial vehicles autonomously landing on moving platforms. The objective has been to develop methods for safely performing such landings on real systems subject to a variety of disturbances, as well as physical and computational constraints. Two specific examples are considered: the landing of a fixed-wing drone on top of a moving ground carriage; and the landing of a quadcopter on the deck of a boat. The maneuvers are executed in a cooperative manner where both vehicles are allowed to take actions to reach their common objective, while avoiding safety based spatial constraints. Applications of such systems can be found in, for example, autonomous deliveries, emergency landings, and in search and rescue missions. Particular challenges of cooperative landing maneuvers include the heterogeneous and nonlinear dynamics, the coupled control, the sensitivity to disturbances, and the safety criticality of performing a high-velocity landing maneuver. In this thesis, a cooperative landing algorithm based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) that includes spatial safety constraints for avoiding dangerous regions is developed. MPC offers many advantages for the autonomous landing problem, with its ability to explicitly consider dynamic equations, constraints, and disturbances directly in the computation of the control inputs. It is shown that the cooperative landing MPC can be decoupled into a horizontal and a vertical sub-problem. This result makes the optimization problems significantly less computationally demandingand facilitates the real-time implementation. The autonomous landing maneuver is further improved by the employment of a variable horizon. The variable-horizon MPC framework lets the finite horizon length become a part of the optimization problem, and makes it possible to always extend the horizon to the end of the landing maneuver. An algorithm for variable horizon MPC that can be implemented to real-time systems is derived by the use of efficient update rules, ...
Model Predictive Control for Cooperative Rendezvous of Autonomous Unmanned Vehicles
2021-01-01
Theses
Electronic Resource
English
Autonomous systems , Model Predictive Control , MPC , Autonomous landing , UAV , Unmanned Aerial Vehicle , Moving target , Quadcopter , Implementation , Variable Horizon MPC , Adaptive Horizon MPC , Autonom landning , Modell-prediktiv reglerteknik , autonoma system , Control Engineering , Reglerteknik
DDC: | 629 |
Control of Cooperative, Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
British Library Conference Proceedings | 2002
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