This thesis focuses on development of methods for using infrared sensors for position detection. There exist various methods where optical sensors are used to give position estimates, many utilizing multiple cameras. The overall approach in this thesis is to base a position detection sensor system on inputs from an array of infrared emitters and receivers. The signals from the emitters are reflected by an object and captured by the receivers. The attenuation from each emitter via the object to the receivers obviously depends on position, geometrical, and optical properties of the object. The main challenge of this work is to reconstruct the object position based on knowledge of the emitted and received signals. Methods for reconstructing the object position has been developed for both 3D space and 2D space. The method for position reconstruction in 3D space is based on a 3D Reflection Map Model. The 3D Reflection Map Model is developed to model the intensities of light reflected by a spherical object. The 3D object position is reconstructed by searching the parameter space of the 3D Reflection Map Model. The position reconstruction for the 2D space is based on simple calculations on the direct measurements of reflected light intensities, and includes easy calibration. The method for reconstructing 3D positions has been implemented in a prototype of a “non-Touch Screen” for a computer, so that the user can control a cursor in three dimensions by moving his/hers hand in front of the computer screen. The 2D position reconstruction method is mplemented in a prototype of a human-machine interface (HMI) for an electrically powered wheelchair, such that the wheelchair user can control the movement of the wheelchair by head movements. Both “non-Touch Screen” prototype and wheelchair HMI has been tested with success. Furthermore some investigation in using similar array of infrared emitters and receivers for a navigation sensor for a mobile robot has been made. Promising results with this approach has been obtained for modeled light reflections.
Position Detection Based on Intensities of Reflected Infrared Light
2006-01-01
Christensen , H V 2006 , Position Detection Based on Intensities of Reflected Infrared Light . Department of Control Engineering, Aalborg University , Aalborg .
Book
Electronic Resource
English
DDC: | 629 |
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