This work concerns the assessment of fire performance of interior materials in buses. The widely used test method ISO 3795/FMVSS 302 has received much criticism mainly based on the fact that the test is a small-scale method not suited for bus fires induced by for example fire in the engine compartment or fire in a tyre. Furthermore, test specimens are oriented horizontally, whereas much fire spread in a real bus fire occurs on vertically oriented products. Seventeen products were investigated: 11 textiles, four solids and two insulations. Three test methods were compared: ISO 3795, ISO 6941 and ISO 5658-2. Given the existing criteria for interior materials, it was found that ISO 6941 and ISO 5658-2 place harder requirements on the materials. When the three methods were compared, it was found that ISO 3795/FMVSS 302 and ISO 6941 are insufficient for simulating bus fires typically occurring today. Such fires are often initiated by a fire in the engine compartment or in a tyre and can hardly be simulated by small-scale methods as ISO 3795/FMVSS 302 or ISO 6941 even if the ISO 6941 method to some extent gives results similar to the established large-scale ISO 5658-2 method.
A comparative study of test methods for assessment of fire safety performance of bus interior materials
Fire and Materials ; 37 , 5 ; 350-357
2013
8 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 18 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Brandverhalten , Dachverkleidung (Fahrzeug) , Entflammbarkeit , Fahrzeugbrand , Fahrzeuginnenwandverkleidung , Fahrzeugsitz , Feuersicherheit , Flammausbreitung , ISO-Norm , Kunststoff , Methodenvergleich , Omnibus , Prüfmethode , synthetische Faser , Textilauskleidung , Vergleichsuntersuchung , Wärmestromdichte , Wolle
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