This chapter introduces different strategies for the integration of nonlinear ODEs in time. It first discusses the Euler method, which is first order accurate and the central difference method, which is second order accurate. Then, the chapter presents the Runge‐Kutta approach, which has no fixed order of accuracy. Classical implementations of the method are up to fifth order accurate but there exist both lower and higher accuracy versions. Time always runs forward for physical systems, therefore, the bulk of the chapter is devoted to time integration in the increasing time direction. Nevertheless, time integration in the reverse direction can be useful under certain circumstances, because it can change the stability of a system. The chapter demonstrates the integration of a simple nonlinear aeroelastic system with two degrees of freedom, the pitch‐plunge wing section with quasi‐steady aerodynamics.
Time Integration
2017-03-28
49 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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