There are four technologies available today to store hydrogen aboard vehicles. These are liquefied hydrogen - used by BMW on passenger cars and by NASA on the Space Shuttle, and considered for airliners by the German Ministry of Economics; metal hydrides - used by Mazda and by Daimler Benz on passenger cars; CHG (compressed hydrogen gas) - used by Ballard Power Systems on urban transport buses; and carbon sorption - yet to be used on vehicles. This research determined experimentally the extent to which carbon sorbents such as activated carbon, carbon black, carbon aerogels and carbon molecular sieves can augment the capacity of CHG storage systems (200 bar). These carbon sorbents were tested at ambient temperature (300 K), at acetone-and-dry-ice temperature (190 K), and at liquid nitrogen temperature (80 K). It was concluded that, at the pressures typical for vehicular CHG systems (200 bar), only one of the ten carbon sorbents tested could augment the capacity of the CHG storage vessels. This improvement was marginal at 190 K and 300 K, and non-existent at 80 K.
Hydrogen storage by carbon sorption
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ; 22 , 6 ; 601-610
1997
10 Seiten, 9 Bilder
Article (Journal)
English
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