Disposition of electric vehicle (EV) batteries after they have reached the end of their useful life is an issue that could impede the widespread acceptance of EVs in the commercial market. This is especially true for advanced battery systems where working recycling processes have not as yet been established. The U.S. Department of Energy sponsors an Ad Hoc Electric Vehicle Battery Readiness Working Group to identify barriers to the introduction of commercial EVs and to advise them of specific issues related to battery reclamation/recycling, in-vehicle battery safety, and battery shipping. A Sub-Working Group on the reclamation/recycle topic has been reviewing the status of recycling process development for the principal battery technologies that are candidates for EV use from the near-term to the long-term. Recycling of near-term battery technologies, such as lead-acid and nickel/cadmium, is occurring today and it is believed that sufficient processing capacity can be maintained to keep up with the large number of units that could result from extensive EV use. Reclamation/recycle processes for mid-term batteries are partially developed. Good progress has been made in identifying processes to recycle sodium/sulfur batteries at a reasonable cost and pilot scale facilities are being tested or planned. A pre-feasibility cost study on the nickel/metal hydride battery also indicates favorable economics for some of the proposed reclamation processes.
Progress in the development of recycling processes for electric vehicle batteries
Fortschritte in der Entwicklung der Wiederverwertungsverfahren für Elektrofahrzeugbatterien
EVS, International Electric Vehicle Symposium, 12 ; 2 ; 758-767
1994
10 Seiten, 2 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 13 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Progress in the Development of Recycling Processes for Electric Vehicle Batteries
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