Using composite materials, such as carbon or glass fibers, is state of the art in the modern automotive industry. More and more metal parts in cars for instance become or are already replaced by advanced materials. One of the car structures which might be produced of composite materials are crash energy first by reversible then by irreversible deformation. The difficulties in the application of composite materials for this task is specially their weak impact behaviour. Therefore, not only the geometry and adequate materials for example, but also the fiber-matrix system has to be chosen carefully. It even might be necessary to design the part which has to be replaced totally anew. This requires a highly involved optimization process which can only be performed effectively by means of theoretical, numerical simulations of the design energy absorber using computer codes. The numerical tools for the simulation of the crash of composite structures which has been developed will be discussed. These tools are in particular a finite element computer program based on a modification of the DYNA3D computer code developed by J. Hollquist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (USA). These routines were compared to the commerical computer program ABAQUS/Explicit of Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen, Inc. (USA). Material model routines were introduced in both programs. Theoretical results for the simulation of the crash of composite cylinders were found by the application of the already mentioned numerical tools, and compared to results obtained by tests which have proven that composite materials can be applied successfully in energy absorbing devices. This was shown exemplarily by means of the design of a composite crash absorber for cars.
Analysis of crash absorbing elements for automotive applications
Analyse von energieabsorbierenden Teilen für Kraftfahrzeuge
1993
12 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 14 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Stoßlast , Zusammenstoß , Energieaufnahme , Sicherheit , Automobilindustrie , glasfaserverstärkter Kunststoff , carbonfaserverstärkter Kunststoff , Stoßfänger , Rechnersimulation , Finite-Elemente-Methode , Konstruktionsdaten , Glasfaser , faserverstärkter Kunststoff , Kohlenstoffaser , Konstruktion
Development of Crash Elements for Automotive Applications
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