Nowadays, one can notice a significant development of modern battery technology. Despite improvement of capacity and charging parameters, the present storage systems are not able to meet the requirements for the urban transport vehicles. The most important constraint is the limitation of the charging current, which is highly related to the operating conditions like battery level or temperature. Moreover even advanced batteries have a significant drawback of a limited number of charge and discharge cycles. Aforementioned constraints affect the vehicle operating cost and decrease the attractiveness of this energy storage system. However, its properties can be considerably improved by use of increasingly popular supercapacitors. Their biggest advantages are high performance and high energy density. Moreover the number of charging cycles can be even greater than one million, which mitigates their high price. The capabilities of the supercapacitors are of particular interest in electric vehicles where the standard batteries cannot withstand high charging and discharging current requirements. It is highly important in the electric vehicle powered with overhead line where energy created during regenerative braking exceeds the parameters of the regular battery system and must be dissipated through the resistors. However, the capabilities of the supercapacitors are larger than batteries with high charging currents. An interesting application is reduction of current flowing from a network to the vehicle and from a vehicle to the network. High current peaks during acceleration or braking can be mitigated, which reduces the wear of moving parts and decreases the energy losses in the traction power network. This article presents the structure of the supply system for an electric vehicle powered by batteries, hybrid drive or a traction power network. The application of the supercapacitor storage system is investigated, but also the possibilities for improving drive parameters are discussed. The capacitors operating states are shown together with their roles in improving the properties of the electric drives, in particular.
Supercapacitor storage in vehicles powered from a battery or overhead lines
2014
7 Seiten, Bilder, Tabellen, 12 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Superkondensator , Ladestrom , Freileitung , Elektrofahrzeug , Stadtwagen , Betriebsbedingung , Ladungswechsel , Betriebskosten , Schwingungszahl , elektrischer Widerstand (Bauelement) , Betriebszustand , Präsentationssystem , Energiespeicher , Beschleunigung , Energieverlust , hybrider Antrieb , Elektroantrieb
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