This study highlighted that the range reduction of an EV from the regulated cycle was 19 and 23% when driven over an urban and motorway cycle. The maximum speed restriction placed on the studied EV reduced the energy consumption significantly over the motorway cycle where previous studies have shown a similar small EV passenger car capable of Artemis motorway speeds displayed a 37% reduction in range. The journey efficiency contours show that, even though low whole vehicle efficiencies are experienced in the low power/ low speed regions, journey efficiency is most influenced by vehicle speed; therefore the road load forces have a higher effect on journey efficiency than the EV component efficiencies (whole vehicle efficiency). Although the peak whole electric vehicle efficiency was circa 80%, the efficiency was variable and highly dependent on the operating region of the EV components. Additionally, although periods of prolonged high power cycles such as during motorway driving allows the whole vehicle to operate at higher efficiency; the journey efficiency is greatly reduced due to the high road load forces that exist during higher speed driving. It is demonstrated that EV journey efficiency and range are not directly related to whole vehicle efficiency. Acceleration rates and increased regeneration have the ability to increase efficiency but do not necessarily result in more range.
Electric vehicle efficiency mapping
Wirkungsgradmapping bei einem Elektroauto
2012
10 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 7 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Electric vehicle energy efficiency
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