The objective of the project is to elaborate a driving style for hybrid vehicles, which is economical in terms of fuel consumption (FC) and battery wear (BW). It is funded by the Austrian Klima- und Energiefonds and is part of the program NEUE ENERGIEN 2020. The project partners are Magna E-Car Systems, the Graz public transportation authority "Holding Graz Linien" (HGL) and the Institute for Highway Engineering and Transport Planning at TU Graz. The test vehicle is a parallel hybrid city bus 12 m in length, model year 2010, make Volvo 7700H. The first part of the work was the analysis of the hybrid operation strategy and the driver's influence on FC and BW. Therefore measurements were conducted on a test track with fixed arrestors for brake- and accelerator pedal in multiple positions, and with different driving styles on a representative bus line in Graz. The relevant mechanical and electrical power consumers and the battery were instrumented to measure the energy consumption. In addition, signals from the CAN bus were recorded. Using these data, two models were parameterized: A traffic flow model to create typical velocity courses for different driving styles and a complete vehicle model of the bus to simulate the driver's influence on the FC. Also, limitations for energy saving driver behaviour are analysed, concerning the need for a minimum velocity to meet the timetable, valid for hybrid and standard buses. In this contribution the search for a driving style was described, which is economical in terms of fuel consumption and battery wear for a parallel hybrid electric city bus. The measurement and simulation results showed a fuel-saving potential of passive against aggressive driving ranging from 10 to 23 %, depending on the bus line. Also, the battery wear is rather reduced with a passive driving style. The measurements showed a major influence of smooth braking with maximum recuperated kinetic energy on the fuelsaving, the electric assistance during acceleration was of minor importance. But a passive style means slower driving on the bus line resulting in the need for additional buses to maintain the same bus frequency. This could overcompensate the cost reductions for fuel and battery per bus which are achievable by a fuel saving driving style. Thus, a compromise between operation cost of the hybrids and total cost of ownership of the whole bus fleet for a given transport capacity is necessary.
Influence of the driving style on fuel consumption and battery wear of a parallel hybrid city bus
2013
16 Seiten, 12 Bilder, 7 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Influence of the driving style on fuel consumption and battery wear of a parallel hybrid city bus
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