The electric vehicle is by no means a recent invention, and interest in them has come and gone several times without triumph. The present day renewal of interest and resurgence in EVs is supported by an unprecedented technological, economic, political and social context, with innovative solutions emerging to address the needs of niche market segments. The present statistical analysis of Light's maintenance fleet travel patterns indicates that these transportation requirements can be met by EV technology. The switch to an EV fleet would reduce its annual energy expenditure to a third of that faced by the present ICV fleet. As for the relative energy efficiency gains, an EV fleet would have an equivalent energy consumption rate which is 3.6 to 4.9 times lower than the existent fleet. On the environmental front, for every 100 vehicles considered over a 10 year period, tailpipe emissions would be reduced by 12.34 t CO, 3.13 t HC, 1.74 t NOx, 0.27 t CHO and 4.43 with a greatly improving local air quality, particularly in densely populated metropolitan areas. Nonrenewable CO2 emissions have been estimated, in this period, at 7000 tons. The geographic pioneer market space for electric vehicles in the city of Rio de Janeiro has been determined. As established, the zone comprises the higher income regions in the city. This choice was exclusively due to the fact that at present moment only people with a higher per capita income can afford this kind of investment. This is therefore the most appropriate region for the installation of a recharge network for electric vehicles in the city of Rio de Janeiro. However, as the price of electric vehicles becomes more affordable, the proposed network may be expanded to the other regions of the city. It is recommended that the first recharge points be located in areas of greater circulation of people and cars, for instance, shopping mall and supermarket parking areas as well as garage buildings in the region with the greatest potential market for electric vehicles. Such choices come from the fact that drivers in those areas are already used to parking in appropriate lots and no further parking facilities will need to be offered, sufficing to provide the recharge equipment that will be needed. In order to optimize recharge points within those areas established for the potential market, the same mathematical programming model supporting Lisbon's plan for the network of charging stations may be used, including the element of geographic distribution of per capita income. While the deployment of EVs into the utility's fleet ensures significant operational cost savings it is desirable that commercial charge stations offer more attractive electricity tariffs, notably through a reduction in ICMS (state tax for goods). Furthermore, business-to-vehicle data communication solutions combined with smart grid capabilities would allow for discounted electricity tariffs during off-peak hours. However, the predominant obstacle hampering EV deployment is its elevated battery capital cost, which in the case of Brazil is aggravated by harsh federal and state taxes. Indeed, legislation in various countries has been modified in favor of energy efficiency and environmental benefits, making use of diverse financial incentives to accelerate EV penetration.


    Access

    Access via TIB

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Infrastructure plan for charging stations for electric vehicles in Rio de Janeiro


    Contributors:

    Published in:

    Publication date :

    2012


    Size :

    11 Seiten, 3 Bilder, 12 Tabellen, 16 Quellen



    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




    Electric Vehicles and Charging Stations

    MORRIS DONALD / HILL DALE / HORTH JOHN et al. | European Patent Office | 2019

    Free access

    CHARGING STATIONS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES

    HILL DALE / WALKER MICHAEL / GOLDMAN JOSHUA et al. | European Patent Office | 2017

    Free access

    Electric vehicles and charging stations

    MORRIS DONALD / HILL DALE / HORTH JOHN et al. | European Patent Office | 2022

    Free access

    Charging stations for electric vehicles

    MORRIS DONALD / HILL DALE / HORTH JOHN et al. | European Patent Office | 2019

    Free access

    ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND CHARGING STATIONS

    MORRIS DONALD / HILL DALE / HORTH JOHN et al. | European Patent Office | 2021

    Free access