Noise generated in cars is transmitted through airborne and structure borne transfer paths into the cabin. Changes in the locations of either the source or the receiver will alter the transfer path. Binaural transfer functions of airborne sound were measured in order to determine how changes in locations of either the source or the receiver affect them. The measurements were performed on a car where the binaural transfer functions for various positions of the source and the receiver were measured directly. In addition, examples of automotive sounds were reproduced through a loudspeaker in the source position and recorded with an artificial head in the receiver position. Changes in perceived sound quality caused by displacements of the source and the receiver position was studied through a listening test and compared to the changes in binaural transfer functions. The results show that the binaural transfer functions are affected by small displacements in location for either the source or the receiver. This variability causes changes in sound quality and must be considered in order to draw correct conclusions from transfer function measurements and sound quality analyses based on artificial head recordings. This study showed that in artificial head recordings and measurements of binaural transfer functions the accuracy in the positioning of the source and the receiver need to be smaller than 2 cm if audible artefacts shall be avoided. If this accuracy can not be achieved, artefacts caused by displacements of the source and/or the receiver must be considered. The developed method allows for the comparison of visually presented results from for example transfer function measurements with perception measured through listening tests. The difference ratings from this study may serve as a guideline in the determination of requirements on positioning of sources and receivers.
Measurements of variations in binaural transfer functions caused by displacements of sources and receivers
2009
9 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 8 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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