Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) has been developed in combustion laboratories since the 1970's. It can finally be controlled outside the lab environment due to the development of fast computing power. GM demonstrated this efficient combustion process in two drivable concept vehicles. Transferring HCCI technology from single-cylinder steady-state engine operation in the laboratory to a modern passenger car had been a significant challenge. However, fast-transient HCCI operation has been demonstrated in prototype vehicles using a combination of variable valvetrain, central direct injection, cylinder-pressure sensing and cycle-to-cycle engine controls. The variable valve train is required to control the in-cylinder temperature with residual-gas. The direct injection of fuel is mandatory for this concept and allows the balancing of the cylinders and cycle-by-cycle multiple fuel injection quantity and timing control. Cylinder-pressure sensing with robust, closed-loop engine controls is necessary to compensate for the influences of fuels and ambient conditions. In combination, these enabling technologies are shown to provide HCCI operation over a large speed-load range. To enable the HCCI operation, engine hardware is chosen to keep today's benefits of a gasoline engine in cost, power and weight while improving fuel efficiency up to 15 % versus a port fuel injected engine. GM will work on the remaining challenges to transfer the high thermodynamic potential of HCCI engines into everyday driving conditions.
The gasoline HCCI engine by GM
2008
20 Seiten, 16 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 9 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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