This paper tried to provide an overview of the different arguments pertinent to the debate about the safety of the LNG import terminals. The following main points have emerged from the recent vast literature on LNG risk: . LNG industry demonstrated an excellent safety record during its 50 year history; . LNG industry must comply with very stringent and detailed design standards and national regulations; . LNG facilities are not very attractive targets for possible attacks of terrorist groups; . The containers of very large amount of liquid LNG, both onshore storages and ship tanks, are designed with technology features that make accidental releases almost impossible to occur, so the concerns have concentrated on the effects of intentional breaches of the vessels;Only a very powerful penetrating weapon may produce a large breach and a massive release of LNG from a ship tanker. In this case a large pool-fire is the most credible scenario. According to the results of recent studies based on worst-case scenarios, the extension of the exclusion zone for fire should be about 1.5 km (most severe consequences within a 500 m radius); . Failure cases selected need careful consideration and justification; . Models and computer programs used to assess the hazard distances in case of LNG releases are variable in results but on the average have a good deal of validation data and show acceptable performance in reproducing the experimental trends. However available data are restricted to a scale much lower than that under investigation, so further experimental work is necessary to gain confidence on the results of the predictive tools; . Topics affected by greater uncertainties are the dynamics of the pool formation on water, the distance travelled by the flammable cloud under stable weather conditions, the size and shape of the flame in a large LNG pool-fire over water; . A risk based approach, taking into account likelihood of the events, severity of the consequences and safeguarding measures, should be preferred to a worst-case, hazard based approach.


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    Title :

    A realistic assessment of LNG hazards and consequences of release scenarios


    Contributors:


    Publication date :

    2008


    Size :

    8 Seiten, 13 Quellen


    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Storage medium


    Language :

    English




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