Transporting crude oil blends via pipeline requires careful estimation of their viscosities. Crude transportation often requires that different crude oils be blended and transported through the same pipeline. Intentionally diluting heavy crudes by adding less viscous oil also increases the efficiency of pipelining heavy oils. Solvents injected into the reservoir for well cleaning, stimulation, fracturing and, less frequently, miscible displacement may also remain in the crude during shipment. A mixture's viscosity as a function of composition is extremely complex. Theoretical considerations have offered little help in explaining these complexities. Attempts such as McAllister's to derive a generalized expression for viscosities of all mixtures resulted in equations with many undetermined constants. No method allows a reliable prior prediction of these constants. These methods, therefore, are purely descriptive. The predictive methods for viscoscity of liquid mixtures include semitheoretical and empirical models. Most semitheoretical models for petroleum fractions, which have a theoretical framework but parameters determined from experimental data, are based on either the corresponding-states approach or the modified Chapman-Enskog theory. Monnery and Mehrotra have reviewed such semitheoretical models. This article reviews the empirical models for crude oil blends, and the validity and accuracy of 14 models suited for practical engineering, using 1,577 sets of viscosity data from 22 groups of crude oil blends.
Study evaluates viscosity prediction of crude blends
Die Vorhersagen für die Viskositäten von Rohölmischungen wurden überprüft
Oil and Gas Journal ; 104 , 39 ; 61-68
2006
5 Seiten, 1 Bild, 4 Tabellen, 24 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
Erdöl , Viskosität , Viskositätsmessung , Mischung (Stoff) , Pipeline , Vorhersage , Modell , Verifikation , Evaluierung
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