Hydrogen has been recognized as the likely energy carrier for future energy systems because it may enable the use of a diverse array of primary energy sources, including fossil fuels as well as sustainable long-term energy sources, such as hydropower, biomass, wind and solar. Recent reports have identified many critical technical challenges that remain to be addressed before a hydrogen-based energy economy can become viable. While much contemporary research has focused on the conversion of hydrogen-carried energy to electrical form using fuel cells, upstream issues involving production, distribution, and storage of hydrogen are also critically important. Of these, on-board hydrogen storage for vehicle applications has been identified as one of the most challenging technical barriers to the transition from gasoline-to hydrogen-powered vehicles. The Hydrogen-On-Demand system patented by Millennium Cell Inc. uses sodium borohydride as a hydrogen storage medium. Sodium borohydride generates hydrogen when it reacts with water in the presence of catalyst. This system is much safer than other types of storage methods, such as compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen and metal hydrides. Nevertheless, it suffers severe disadvantages of adding significant amount of additional heat load to the already challenging thermal management problem of fuel-cell powered vehicles. To make this hydrogen storage method attractive, innovative thermal management should be adopted. This paper models the thermal behavior of a sodium borohydride-based hydrogen storage system and considers various potential methods to reduce the on-board cooling load by increasing reactor pressure and decreasing fuel cell pressure.
Thermal modeling of a sodium borohydride-based hydrogen storage system
Thermische Modellierung eines Natrium-Borhydrid basierten Wasserstoffspeichersystems
2005
6 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 12 Quellen
Conference paper
English
1kWe sodium borohydride hydrogen generation system
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