Recently there are growing concerns about global warming by green house gases from fossil energy use. It is important to figure out how much green house gases from a life cycle of various energies in production, transportation and consumption. Life-cycle energy analysis is performed for evaluation of clean energy vehicles in this paper. Environmental impact, such as energy consumption and CO2 emission in production of new fuels such as gas-to-liquid (GTL), naphtha, methanol, and hydrogen including bio-fuel, is also investigated as well as gasoline, diesel fuel and natural gas. Possibility of new clean-energy vehicles is discussed through the energy LCA. Evaluation of the total efficiency (Well to Wheel) was obtained by multiplying the driving efficiency (Tank to Wheel) and the fuel consumption efficiency (Well to Tank), and CO2 emission unit (the amount of discharge per unit mass) and the amount of energy consumption from fuel manufacturing to driving was also performed. As the result, the efficiencies of a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) with a fuel reformer or with a hydrogen tank are the best in respect of energy efficiency. However, huge energy is consumed at the fuel manufacture. The total amount of CO2 emission is as well as or more than in gasoline fuel in the LCA consideration. Therefore, the cost and the energy consumption in fuel manufacturing must be reduced.
Life-cycle energy analysis of clean energy vehicles
Lebenszyklus-Energieanalyse von Reinenergiefahrzeugen
incl. COST 346 - Final Conference, Transport and Air Pollution, International Symposium, 14 ; 191-197
2005
7 Seiten, 8 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 8 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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