In the mobility sector, the production and usage of renewable fuels will play a crucial role for securing future fuel supply. Biomass is one of the most promising sources for fuel production from renewable resources. Various production paths are applicable for converting biomass into fuels: - extraction of oil of oilseed plants; - fermentation of waste or energy crops to biogas or alcohols, especially ethanol; - gasification of biomass and subsequent fuel production via synthesis gas to alcohols or hydrogen. The most promising way of hydrogen production from renewable resources is via electrolysis with renewable electricity from windpower, hydropower etc. The EU proposal on biofuel quotas is outlined in the article. Typical biomass harvest yields, production efficiencies and biofuel/hydrogen production volumes for selected fuels are illustrated. No reliable data on operational and cost-effective biomass-to-fuel conversion facilities are currently available. In order to evaluate the magnitude of the area necessary for fuel production the agricultural areas for biomass growth and subsequent biodiesel / methanol / ethanol / synthetic diesel production and the total agricultural area of Germany in 2000 are shown. The total EU resources (biomass, renewable electricity etc.) for fuel production are described. It is shown that the EU targets of biofuels and hydrogen can be met by a viable mixture of wastes, residues, and energy crops. By blending the renewable fuels with conventional fuels, no new infrastructure will be necessary. At the end of the paper, fuel production costs are compared.
Biofuels and hydrogen. Resources and potentials of renewable fuels
Biokraftstoffe und Wasserstoff. Ressourcen und Potenziale erneuerbarer Kraftstoffe
Innovative Power Train Systems, Innovative Fahrzeugantriebe, 3, Innovative Power Train Systems, 2002 ; 575-584
VDI-Berichte ; 1704
2002
10 Seiten, 6 Bilder, 7 Tabellen
Conference paper
English
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