This chapter begins with a discussion of the operating environment of container shipping by introducing the concept of the 4C forces, i.e., containerization, concentration, collaboration, and competition. In container transport, the port is a vital part of the transport chain. The Anyport Model, which identifies port development as having phases of setting, expansion, and specialization, is useful to explain the evolution of a port. In addition to sea-based operations, land-based operations have become an important dimension in international shipping. With the growing complexity of shipping services, there is a trend in the shipping industry to use the hub-and-spoke approach. In the shipping hub, firms involved in upstream and downstream activities operate together and their collective economic actions lead to the emergence of a transport complex economy.
Port Development
Shipping and Logistics Management ; Chapter : 16 ; 241-254
2023-04-21
14 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
Online Contents | 1996
Online Contents | 1996
Engineering Index Backfile | 1914
|Port of Le Havre. Development of new port (Port 2000)
British Library Conference Proceedings | 1996
|Port of Le Havre. Development of new port (Port 2000)
British Library Conference Proceedings | 1996
|