In permanent P&A, establishment of a rock-to-rock barrier is a requirement. There are situations where the annular barrier behind casing is not qualified or there is no annular barrier. Therefore, full access to the formation shall be obtained. Different techniques have been utilized by the petroleum industry such as cut-and-pull, casing milling, and section milling. Some new techniques have been suggested some of which are in use and others are in development. Such techniques include perforate-wash-cement, upward section milling, melting downhole completion, and plasma-based milling. This chapter will present these techniques, briefly.
Tools and Techniques for Plug and Abandonment
Ocean Engineering & Oceanography
2020-01-28
35 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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