This publication determines critical raw materials for battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). The criticality assessment is based on expert interviews and the VDI 4800. Criticality is defined with the two dimensions of supply risk and severity of the supply risk, i.e. technical and economic consequences of a potential supply shortage. The six materials cobalt, lithium and platinum, nickel, copper and rare earth elements are analyzed regarding a variety of aspects. These include the monopolistic character of the supply market, the development of production and reserves, the development of market prices, as well as greenhouse gas emissions and social issues related to the material supply. Considering the quantities required for BEV and FCEV and the volume of the global vehicle market, the risk of physical material depletion seems rather unlikely. Nevertheless, the necessary increase in current annual production volumes underlines the need to overcome the challenges that are related to raw materials supply. This requires the action of all stakeholders along the supply chain: the processing industry, raw material suppliers, recycling companies, politics and finally general public. Only then we can achieve sustainable change in the mobility sector.
Comprehensive Assessment of Critical Raw Materials for BEVs and FCEVs: Challenges and Possible Solutions
Proceedings
2022-03-03
14 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
German
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