Emergency braking systems have been introduced successfully in the commercial vehicle industry. They significantly improved the safety on motorways, where large quantities of trucks are present. Moreover the sensors have matured together with the algorithms that are required to filter and interpret sensor data to understand the traffic situation. In consequence of this evolution new use cases come into focus. Collision mitigation systems (CMS) or advanced emergency braking systems (AEBS) for public transportation are such Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) as they were excluded from regulation for AEBS (United Nations, 2013, p. 4) due to the fact, that city buses operate in different environment and automatic braking may cause serious injuries to standing passengers. However, it makes sense to let also vehicles which carry a lot of persons benefit from progress in safety systems. In this paper we summarize the challenges of designing such a CMS / AEBS for public transportation starting from some accident statistics as design target and finding a “safe” system design which incorporates the impact to the passengers in case of false interventions. We propose a new design of a braking profile which to our investigations improves controllability by standing passengers. This new design of the braking request allows a higher deceleration and jerk request and thus has the potential to further close the gap between targeted scenarios and technical feasibility with respect to risk of passenger harm. However, we conclude and point out that solving the remaining fatal accidents with pedestrians that are reported by some sources will be a tough challenge and not solvable by onboard technology such as ADAS or automated driving alone.
Emergency braking in a city bus - a new approach for protecting standing passengers
Proceedings
2021-08-03
20 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
German
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