This paper proposes a watermarking method that hides an integer in an image by modifying the sum of the quantized discrete cosine transformed coefficients. Because modulo arithmetic-based modulation is applied to an integer to be embedded, less image distortion is achieved. Moreover, coefficients not being chosen to embed an integer are restored to their pre-quantized form, even though they are once quantized. The image-quality of a watermarked image is theoretically analyzed and is found to be superior to those of image-quality guaranteed watermarking methods.


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    Title :

    Modulo arithmetic-based image watermarking and its theoretical analysis of image-quality


    Contributors:
    Fujiyoshi, M. (author) / Seki, Y. (author) / Kobayashi, H. (author) / Kiya, H. (author)


    Publication date :

    2005-01-01


    Size :

    82139 byte




    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English



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