Abstract State-level policy support for electric vehicles (EVs) increased from 2010 to 2015. A total of 27 U.S. states enacted a variety of subsidies to promote EV adoption and use. From 2015, however, many states repealed their policies and others levied annual EV fees. There is a lack of coherence in state approaches to EV policy, most exemplified by states that both subsidize EV purchases and charge them annual fees. Using panel data on EV purchase subsidies, home charger subsidies, and annual EV fees from 2010 to 2018, we estimate whether changes in economic, environmental, demographic, political, and ideological factors explain variation in state EV policies. We find that environmental ideology and state politics are the main factors supporting state EV subsidies. Economic and environmental pollution factors only played an important role in enactment of annual EV fees, as states with higher unemployment, lower reliance on the gas tax, and better air quality are less likely to impose annual EV fees.
Highlights We analyze the political economy of state legislation subsidizing and taxing EV adoption. Econometric analysis uses new data set on state EV policies from 2010 to 2018. Environmental ideology and politics are main factors supporting state EV subsidies. Politics played a substantial role in state adoption of home charger subsidies. Environmental ideology, gas taxes, unemployment affected state adoption of EV fees.
Understanding changes in electric vehicle policies in the U.S. states, 2010–2018
Transport Policy ; 103 ; 211-223
2021-01-11
13 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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