To try to make the world more sustainable and reduce air pollution, diesel buses are being replaced with electric buses. This leads to challenges in scheduling, as electric buses need recharging during the day. Moreover, buses encounter varying traffic conditions and passenger demands, leading to delays. Scheduling electric buses with these stochastic driving times is also called the Stochastic Vehicle Scheduling Problem. The classical approach to make a schedule more robust against these delays, is to add slack to the driving time. However, this approach doesn't capture the variance of a distribution well, and it doesn't account for dependencies between trips. We use discrete event simulation in order to evaluate the robustness of a schedule. Then, to create a schedule, we use a hybrid approach, where we combine integer linear programming and simulated annealing with the use of these simulations. We show that with the use of our hybrid algorithm, the punctuality of the buses increase, and they also have a more timely arrival. However, we also see a slight increase in operating cost, as we need slightly more buses compared to when we use deterministic driving times.
Scheduling Electric Buses with Stochastic Driving Times
2023-08-31
19 pages , 2142208 byte
OASIcs, Vol. 115, 23rd Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2023), pages 14:1-14:19
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
Simulated Annealing , Computing methodologies → Discrete-event simulation , Hybrid Algorithm , Computing methodologies → Modeling and simulation , Computing methodologies → Planning under uncertainty , Simulation , Stochastic Driving Times , Electric Vehicle Scheduling Problem , Computing methodologies → Planning and scheduling
Effect of Self-driving Buses on Vehicle Scheduling
Springer Verlag | 2020
|Combined Timetabling and Vehicle Scheduling for Electric Buses
TIBKAT | 2017
|Scheduling method for electric buses participating in V2G
European Patent Office | 2021
|