Studies have shown that the indicator "time to collision" (abbreviated as TTC) can be used to judge whether a following car is safe for drivers. By collecting data relating to behavioral driving characteristics under real road traffic conditions, we found that the distributions of TTC for different kinds of drivers are quite different: novice drivers accounted for a smaller proportion of TTC values during a smaller time range than experienced drivers did. Combined with the slow-to-start rule and safe stopping time, an improved NaSch cellular automata model of traffic flow emphasizing safe driving behavior is presented, by considering the distributions of TTC. The results of the numerical simulation show that the improved model can reproduce metastability, hysteresis and phase-separation phenomena observed in real traffic. Furthermore, the probability of sudden deceleration is reduced significantly and vehicles are evenly distributed on the road compared with the NaSch model.
A Cellular Automata Model of Traffic Flow with Consideration of Distribution of Time to Collision
The Twelfth COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals ; 2012 ; Beijing, China
CICTP 2012 ; 764-773
2012-07-23
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
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