The methodology to develop the motor vehicle emission inventory in California has been constantly reviewed and enhanced over the past decade. Features that recently have been reviewed include the distribution of speed and acceleration profiles, incorporation of emission regimes, and start emissions. The reassessed distribution of speed and acceleration profiles, resulted in driving cycles that more closely represent current driving habits in the state, and allowed for the inclusion in the inventory of the so-called open-loop or fuel-enrichment transient emissions. Recent dynamometer and on-road studies have shown that low or no-accelerations high-load events contribute to instantaneous transient vehicle emissions. Some topographic conditions, such as hills, with grades greater than 3%, promote high load events on vehicles experiencing medium to high speeds. In this study, a limited fleet of vehicles were tested simulating positive and negative grades, as well as, high load events due to accelerations. The exhaust emissions were collected modally (with one second resolution). These data were allocated into speed-grade domain and their distribution were calculated. The main objective of this study is to propose a methodology to include topographic features such as grade in the motor vehicle emission inventory, since currently modeling procedures assume a flat terrain.
Modal speed-grade vehicle emissions development
1998
Seiten
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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