As a consequence of structural problems experienced on single side skin bulk carriers during the past few years, several measures have been internationally introduced in order to increase the structural integrity, among others the consideration of hold flooding in structural design, local reinforcements of side frames and protective coating of the side areas of all cargo holds. Still open is the question if a design with a double side skin is actually the better and more economic alternative. The vulnerable single side skin is replaced by the double skin, offering redundancy as well as protection of primary and secondary structural members from damage due to loading and unloading operations and from corrosion due to aggressive cargoes. In the paper, different designs of a 75,000 dwt panamax bulk carrier, suited for alternate hold loading conditions, are described. The design parameters such as steel weight, deadweight and cargo volume are evaluated and compared. The effect of the new requirements of IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) concerning hold flooding on steel weight is discussed in detail. Special care is taken with regard to detail design in view of the high fluctuating pressure loads on the side shell which caused structural failures in VLCCs some years ago. Finally, economical aspects of the different designs are compared, considering also discharge operation, cleaning as well as maintenance costs. In addition to the ship's safety, the main advantages of the double side skin are seen in reduced operation costs as well as in the reduced failure susceptibility and related costs.
Single or double side skin for bulk carriers?
Einfache oder doppelte Seitenaußenhautbeplattung für Massengutfrachter?
1998
9 Seiten, 8 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 10 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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