The ground-fault circuit-interrupter (GFCI) is one of the most significant safety devices developed for electrical power distribution. A GFCI monitors the difference in current between the conductors feeding equipment handled by people. Current to ground equals this 'differential' current. When differential current over the rating of the GFCI flows, the GFCI trips, opening the circuit. Most accidental electrocution incidents involve a current pathway from a live part through a person's body to ground, rather than only hand-to-hand. It is uncommon to have a shock current path that is only across the line, with no current to ground. Present GFCI designs are intended for use on general-use circuits where the voltage is sinusoidal 60 Hz with nominally 120 volts to ground. There are a number of features of a GFCI that make it function in a particular environment and with certain circuit parameters. These features need to be examined when considering the GFCI for a new application. Electrical circuit characteristics that are commonly encountered in electric vehicle charging systems include high frequencies, high voltages to ground, and direct current. These items require a reassessment of the GFCI to explore its suitability for use in electric vehicle applications, and to determine whether modifications may be needed.
GFCI protection from electric shock relative to electric vehicles
Erdschluß-Kreisunterbrecher als Schutz for elektrischen Schlägen angewandt auf Elektrofahrzeuge
EVS, International Electric Vehicle Symposium, 12 ; 1 ; 235-243
1994
9 Seiten, 3 Bilder, 3 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
GFCI Protection from Electric Shock Relative to Electric Vehicles
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