The use of turbochargers in commercial vehicles already started in the 1930s, long before applications in passenger cars became popular. Since the introduction of turbochargers as a core component of diesel engines in passenger cars in the 1990s and due to a rapidly growing share of turbocharger-boosted gasoline engines the market exploded as of no other component. The introduction of the diesel engine in passenger cars was mainly driven by three technologies: the high-pressure direct injection, the electronic control unit and the turbocharger. Currently both engine technologies are similar. Nevertheless the turbochargers are facing different demands. To summarize these and to identify fields of action is the target of this paper. A comparison of randomly chosen engines gives a good view into the different applications. As expected the large diesel engine has the best efficiency, followed by the diesel engine for the passenger car. The efficiency of the gasoline engine is far below. Compared to the commercial vehicle the passenger car diesel engine has a higher mean-effective pressure at low speed. This characteristic is applied according to customer wishes of drivability. The gasoline engine on the other hand has an even broader area of high mean-effective pressure with an extent to very low engine speed. The demand here is again customer driven. Since its first high volume applications in the 1990s the power density has continuously increased. There is also a continuous increase of power in commercial vehicles. Though this trend is still ongoing it is obvious that this increase is not endless. The efficiency of the turbocharger is directly linked to the fuel consumption of the engine. The turbocharger efficiency has an obvious influence to the engine. Moreover it is known that the efficiency of large turbochargers is higher than those of small ones. The increasing efficiency according to the size leads to the question of the reasons for this differences and if there is any potential to learn from other applications. As there are more and more components that interact and influence each other it is as well important to consider technology that is related to the turbocharger. It can be deducted that future boosting systems will show a higher individuality than in the past. Innovations are not only possible in the component or material level but also in the combination of technologies. Based on the fact that the turbocharger is one of the most critical components of modern engines it might be appropriate to simplify its technology. This can be done in two ways. One is to take specific demands out of the boosting system. This might become possible with the electrification of the powertrain (e. g. transfer transient demands from the turbocharger to the hybrid system). The use of hybrid technology is an additional degree of freedom that will allow new systems. For an ideal optimization process it will be essential to use models and simulation tools that are balanced in functionality and accuracy, both in time and special resolution. Another option might be if there would be massive improvements within the turbocharger itself. Moreover the effect of a reduction of the EGR rate would have to be compensated by means of the exhaust aftertreatment system.


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    Titel :

    Development trends for future commercial vehicle boosting systems in comparison to passenger cars


    Beteiligte:
    Baar, Roland (Autor:in) / Savic, Bojan (Autor:in)


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2014


    Format / Umfang :

    13 Seiten, Bilder, Tabellen, 4 Quellen


    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Datenträger


    Sprache :

    Englisch





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