There is a significant variety in battery technology apart from Lithium ion insertion batteries. The presented technologies, alternative Lithium ion batteries, metal air batteries and Li sulfur batteries, all show significantly higher energy densities than Lithium ion insertion batteries. However, it seems yet to be difficult to tap these energy densities at attractive battery performances. Lithium ion batteries with alloying or reaction processes both show significant changes in volume during battery cycling, leading often to low life time. Lithium air batteries have the highest theoretical energy density among all batteries; yet, exploiting their potential depends on the success of shielding the Lithium electrode from contact with water and developing air electrodes which permit high reaction rates which are not disturbed by blocked pores. Zinc air batteries are a low cost and environmental friendly version of metal air batteries; being based on aqueous electrolyte, these cells may need active humidification/drying to maintain a stable water level. Finally, Lithium sulfur batteries are closed batteries and allow to be operated also at very low environmental temperatures; understanding and limiting the shuttle transport of polysulfides between the electrodes is key to a long cycle life. Judging on present research intensity, most of these technologies can be expected to be improved significantly within the next years, This may enable to reach a mid-term goal of replacement of Lithium ion batteries.
Alternative battery technologies, their potential and challenges
2013
15 Seiten, 4 Bilder, 23 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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