Based on assumptions of impacts of road grade on vehicle use and taking vehicle warm up status and auxiliary equipment use into account, the environmental impact of ICEV and EV were compared and the effectiveness of deploying EV in areas with elevation gradients was assessed. The JC08 mode was used as the driving cycle for chassis dynamometer tests conducted to investigate the effects on performance of auxiliary equipment use and road grade for ICEV while a driving simulation was used for EV. The effects of auxiliary equipment and warm up status were confirmed to be about the same as those of road grade. In addition, as a result of substituting ICEV by EV, while CO2 and CO emissions decreased, NOx emissions increased for several cases. Based on these results, realistic scenarios were set taking vehicle use frequency, auxiliary equipment use, and other factors into account to compare the relationship of residence and workplace areas to changes in CO2 and air pollutant emissions. For cases when vehicle use was two times a day for morning and evening commuting, CO2 reduction for substitution of ICEV by EV in an area with a 2-degree road grade was similar to that obtained for a level area. For cases assuming three times a day use, CO2 reduction increased with road grade; and the reduction was shown to be larger when the residence area was higher in elevation than the workplace area. Although NOx emissions increased slightly compared to level areas, promotion of EV deployment could be called worthwhile because CO2 emissions reduction was larger than for level areas. However, reduction of NOx emissions related to power generation will be important for reducing all of the environmental burdens associated with EV use. Previous assessments of the effects of substitution of ICEV by EV have focused on CO2 owing to a framework of measures to control global warming. However, as electric power generation emits air pollutants, comparison with air pollutant emissions by ICEV is required. The results of this research showed that NOx emissions that accompany EV use were higher than for ICEV. In addition, there has been little previous consideration of the effects of auxiliary equipment use, road grade, and other factors on emissions of CO2 and air pollutants. However, the results of this study have shown that a road grade of only 2-degree grade resulted in a 14% difference in emissions. Thus, evaluations of the effect of substituting ICEV by EV need to consider a wide range of factors.


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    Titel :

    Environmental load reduction of substitution of electric vehicles by taking geographical features into account


    Beteiligte:

    Erschienen in:

    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2012


    Format / Umfang :

    7 Seiten, 3 Bilder, 8 Tabellen, 8 Quellen



    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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