An important issue concerning the safe use of hydrogen-powered fuel-cell vehicles is the possibility of accidents inside tunnels resulting in the release of hydrogen. To investigate the potential consequences, a combined experimental and modeling study has been performed to characterise releases from a hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle inside a tunnel. In the scenario studied, all three of the fuel-cell vehicle's onboard hydrogen tanks were simultaneously released through three TPRDs (thermal pressure relief devices) toward the road surface. CFD (computation fluid dynamics) simulations were used to model the release of hydrogen from the fuel-cell vehicle and to study the behaviour of the ignitable hydrogen cloud inside the tunnel. Deflagration overpressure simulations of the hydrogen cloud within the tunnel were also performed for different ignition delay times and ignition locations. To provide model validation data for these simulations, experiments were performed in a scaled tunnel test facility at the SRI CHES (Stanford Research Institute Corral Hollow Experiment Site). The scaled tunnel tests were designed to resemble the full-scale tunnel simulations using Froude scaling. The scale factor, based on the square route of the ratio of the SRI tunnel area to the full-scale tunnel area was 1/2.53. The same computational models used in the full-scale tunnel simulations were applied to these scaled tunnel tests to validate the modelling approach.
Releases from hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles in tunnels
2012
5 Seiten
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Tunnel , Modelluntersuchung , Wasserstoff , Betriebsverhalten , numerische Strömungsberechnung , Verpuffung , Gasfreisetzung , Gefahrenpotenzial , Risikoanalyse , gefährlicher Stoff , Brandgefahr , Unfall , theoretisches Modell , Wasserstoffspeicherung , Brennstoffzelle , Polymerelektrolytmembranbrennstoffzelle
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