This paper has reviewed various aspects of pipeline geotechnics, by reference to recent and emerging research activity from both academia and industry. The design challenges in pipeline geotechnics differ somewhat from conventional foundation engineering. Two particular challenges are the changes in both the seabed topography and also the soil properties that can occur throughout the installation and operating life of a pipeline: these are themes that run throughout this paper. Results from novel forms of repetitive in situ testing have been used to illustrate the response of soil to the forms of loading and disturbance that are induced by a pipeline. In soft fine-grained soils, these tests illustrate the balance between the reduction in strength from remoulding and the recovery that accompanies subsequent reconsolidation. Concepts from critical state soil mechanics provide a useful framework for capturing this behaviour. Solutions for incorporating this behaviour into the estimation of axial and lateral pipe-soil resistance, and the assessment of trenching and ploughing operations, are discussed. A common theme is the relative magnitude of drained and undrained soil strengths, the evolution of these strengths, and the importance of recognising the widely-varying rates of shearing involved in pipe-soil processes.The slowrates atwhich pipes move under thermal loading and the high rates at which trenching machines are driven mean that pipeline geotechnics often involves a drained response in fine-grained soils and undrained behaviour in sands. The conventional laboratory tests used to characterise these soils often require modification in order to extract the properties that are relevant for pipe-soil interaction. Some of the concepts discussed in this paper represent merely a snapshot of an evolving understanding, which will no doubt advance in the coming few years. For example, the changes in soil strength through episodes of disturbance and recovery, and through cycles of partially-drained interface shearing, have only recently been observed in experiments. The underlying mechanisms are not fully established and quantitative calculation methods for design use are in their infancy. New modelling technologies have been recently applied to pipeline geotechnics. The mechanisms of pipe-soil penetration and breakout behaviour have been quantified through sophisticated centrifuge model tests, which allow complex load sequences to be imposed on a model pipe and detailed internal soil deformations to be observed. Other insights have emerged through finite element analysis - with notable advances being the use of coupled methods in sand to capture undrained and partially-drained ploughing behaviour, and the use of large deformation techniques to capture gross remoulding of fine-grained soils during large lateral movements.


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    Titel :

    Geotechnics for subsea pipelines


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Geotechnik für Untersee-Pipelines


    Beteiligte:
    White, D.J. (Autor:in) / Cathie, D.N. (Autor:in)


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2011


    Format / Umfang :

    37 Seiten, 54 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 108 Quellen



    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Datenträger


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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