Aiming at the ability to stably generate steam and recover waste heat under a wide range of automobile driving conditions, both steam control technology and the system components were studied. An experimental vehicle using the Rankine system was prototyped and tested on-board in actual driving conditions. The performance of each component was evaluated at a stationary test bench. The results are summarized as follows. (1) Improved fuel economy by waste heat recovery was confirmed by installing the Rankine system on-board even in driving at a constant speed. The thermal efficiency of the engine was increased by 3.8 points in driving at 100 km/h, which corresponded to a 13.2% improvement. (2) Automatic control algorithmus were constructed which controlled the steam temperatire by the water supply amount to the evaporator and the steam pressure by the rotation speed of the volumetric type expander. The capability of waste heat recovery control was verified in actual driving conditions. (3) The evaporator was successfully integrated with the three-way catalyst by supporting the catalyst on the fins of the evaporator and setting the heat transfer coefficient at each position. A compact evaporator was achieved with a volume of about 1.8 times that of a mass-produced close-coupled three-way catalyst, by using a highly dense pipe package and pipe-fin structure. Up to 95% of the input exhaust gas energy, which included catalytic reaction heat, could be recovered as steam. (4) The volumetric type expander achieved the peak net thermal efficiency of 13% at the input steam heat amount of 23 kW by minimizing steam leakage and friction loss. In this research, an on-board waste heat recovery system using the Rankine cycle was realized and the results indicated potential application for an automobile power train with transient load following capability. For the further improvement of thermal efficiency and reduction of CO2, it is required to increase the steam amount generated in the evaporator, and improve the theoretical efficiency by increasing the expansion rate of the expander. Other challenges lie in further reduction of leakage, friction and heat loss.
Study of efficient on-board waste heat recovery system using rankine cycle
Studie über ein wirksames, bordeigenes Abwärmerückgewinnungssystem, das nach dem Rankine-Kreislauf arbeitet
Review of Automotive Engineering (JSAE) ; 28 , 3 ; 307-313
2007
7 Seiten, 15 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 5 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Rankine-Kreislauf , Anwendung im Fahrzeugbau , Anwendung im Motorenbau , Hybridfahrzeug , Wärmerückgewinnungssystem , Abwärme , Abgasemission , CO2 , Pkw (Personenkraftwagen) , Stirlingmotor , Regelalgorithmus , geregelter Katalysator , Verdampfer , Antriebstechnik , Wärmewirkungsgrad , Kraftstoffverbrauch
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