The HYPER program has been written as part of the HYPER JIP, launched through the Industry Technology Facilitator (ITF) in 2002, and funded by BG Group, ConocoPhillips, Halliburton and Marathon. The model has been developed to allow modelling of the formation of gas hydrates in multiphase pipelines. Relatively simple modelling methods have been combined with experimental measurements to create a functioning model of hydrate formation in multiphase pipelines. The model incorporates correlations based on data from a dedicated series of hydrate formation experiments at laboratory scale. The results of these tests have been used to determine expressions for the rate of hydrate formation and the delay between the moment of the pipeline operating conditions entering the zone of hydrate stability and the onset of hydrate formation. This paper will present the results of some of the tests performed to generate the correlations used in the HYPER model and will compare this test data with that published by other workers. The paper will briefly describe the manner in which the correlations are used within the HYPER model to predict hydrate formation, along with other models and assumptions used in the construction of the model. Finally the paper will present the validation of the model by comparison with published data from various flow loop tests. This model has been tested against a range of published results for hydrate formation in flowloops. Whilst hydrate formation rates appear to be modelled with acceptable accuracy the induction delays predicted in the model were far longer than those seen experimentally. This is in accordance with general observations of Sloan, (1998) that high subcoolings are rarely seen in larger, industrial scale systems.
Modelling of hydrate growth and initiation in multiphase pipelines
Multiphase Production Technology '05, 12 ; 541-553
2005
13 Seiten, 8 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 17 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
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