An elasto-plastic finite-element computer program using the updated Lagrangian formulation is developed to simulate the inward-curling process of copper tube. The correction terms were taken into account in the global stiffness matrix and force rate stiffness matrix. The calculated forming load of compression agrees with published experimental results. It demonstrates the applicability and realiability of the present finite-element model. A special feature of the present work is the investigation of the effects of various process parameters on the deformation behavior of tube and forming load. The conclusions are summarized as follows: 1) The outside of the tube cylinder is constrained by cylindrical guide to prevent deformation, and could restrain buckling in tube end's outside. Under cylindrical guide function, die angle has inward-curling forming about 123 deg below; on the contrary, there will be nosing forming. 2) The difference in die angle will influence forming load distribution with or without cylindrical guide function. 3) When nosing forming occurs, the contact between tube end and die surface will be different. 4) Difference in critical angles of inward-curling of different tube materials are only about 1-2 deg, and the variance in critical angle is quite similar, has similarity law. 5) The diameter of inward-curling C increases with increasing die angle. During unloading, the variance in C value is not related with the die angle and tool displacement, i.e., the springback of inward-curling forming shaft symmetry is not significant.
Finite element analysis of tube inward curling process by conical dies
Journal of Materials Processing Technology ; 170 , 3 ; 616-623
2005
8 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 12 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
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