This paper presents a detailed review and analysis of sonic gas flow in pipelines, adding considerably more detail to the analysis, particularly for long pipelines. Our results show that (1) the mass flow rate is asymptotic as the velocity head pipe loss increases (2) the asymptotic value is identical for both adiabatic and isothermal conditions and (3) a maximum is found in the gas flow, although this maximum is near the asymptotic value. A graphical method for isothermal flows and a simple, shortcut formula is presented using asymptotic analysis which accurately estimates gas flow rates in long pipelines under both adiabatic and isothermal conditions. Process safety applications are provided. This paper has presented significantly more detail on sonic gas flow than has been presented elsewhere, particularly for the case of a long pipeline. In this case, both the adiabatic and isothermal equations show maximum and asymptotic values in the gas expansion parameter. The asymptotic values for the adiabatic and isothermal cases are the same. A shortcut formula is derived from the asymptotic values, enabling easy calculation of the flow. The equations presented here are useful for consequence modeling of releases of gases. A simple, direct solution is possible rather than a complicated trial and error procedure.
Estimating sonic gas flow rates in pipelines
Schätzung akustischer Gasströmungsgeschwindigkeiten in Pipelines
Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries ; 18 , 2 ; 55-62
2005
8 Seiten, 4 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 12 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
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