The degree of effective protection caused by transport costs is for several countries already higher than that provided by artificial trade barriers. Thus, it is worthwhile to have a closer look at transport costs, its determinants and its effects. Clark, Dollar and Micco do so in a recent article where they focus on maritime transport costs and on sea port efficiency, the later being one determining factor of shipping costs. Port efficiency depends partly on the capital invested in ports and is effected by customs clearing requirements which often reduce port efficiency and may even influence the timing of port operations. Of importance is also the efficiency of port activities and services like pilotage, towing, tug assistance or cargo handling. The port of Singapore is generally regarded as one of the most efficient ports in the world. In Singapore also container handling charges are the lowest, while customs clearance time is also on a low level. In Germany and the US, handling charges and clearance days are considerably higher, in Portugal and Russia customs clearance takes even more days. This paper gives tables on clearance time and container charges in sea ports in selected countries, clearance time and container charges in sea ports by continent and an overview about port efficiency and container handling charges.
Port efficiency
Hafeneffizienz
CESifo DICE Report ; 2 , 2 ; 76-77
2004
2 Seiten, 1 Bild, 2 Tabellen, 1 Quelle
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
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