Hydrogen generation from hydrocarbon fuels is an established industrial technology. To scale down large size hydrogen plants and make them economically feasible for the growing infrastructure and fuel cells, the process must be optimised. For fuel cell cars, the production of hydrogen by an on-board reformer from hydrocarbons is deemed uneconomical. In general, the distributed generation of hydrogen at local gas stations using natural gas or liquid fuels will be more cost effective than either on-board reforming or centralized generation coupled with a distribution network. Engelhard has developed materials for advanced catalytic reformers for hydrogen generation. The Selectra family of catalysts and adsorbents are custom tailored for a new generation of reformers to produce fuel cell quality hydrogen. Proprietary adsorbents or a new selective oxidation/absorption process remove sulphur from the fuel. Neither process require hydrogen recycling or elevated pressures. One completely relies on passive adsorption of sulphur species and is especially suited for natural gas. The selective oxidation/adsorption method is suitable for natural gas and LPG. The fuel is reformed by either an autothermal or steam reforming process. The autothermal reforming process is especially suitable for small stationary systems and the reforming of liquid fuel. Steam reforming may be preferred for hydrogen-distributed generation for service stations because of the higher hydrogen yield and the absence of dilutent nitrogen. The water gas shift reaction can be carried out either in a particulate or a monolithic catalyst. The particulate catalyst which is a non-pyrophoric base metal catalyst, allows for a low operating temperature and therefore low CO outlet concentrations. The monolithic catalyst is a precious metal based material which operates at much higher space velocities but requires slightly higher operating temperatures. These catalysts are ideal for systems in which a medium or high temperature shift catalyst is used.


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    Titel :

    Catalytic reforming: Building the hydrogen infrastructure


    Weitere Titelangaben:

    Katalytischer Reformer: Baustein der Wasserstoff-Infrastruktur


    Beteiligte:
    Ruettinger, W.F. (Autor:in) / Farrauto, R.J. (Autor:in)


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    2003


    Format / Umfang :

    6 Seiten, 1 Bild, 10 Quellen




    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Print


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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