Fibers like Ramie, Hemp, Flax, Nettle, Sisal, Jute and Cotton are well suited for reinforcing polymers. The use of natural fibers in polymer composites is on the rise, especially in the automotive industry. Most of the European automotive producers use already car interiors made of natural fibers. In Germany 1996 4.000 t of flax, sisal and jute were used for car interiors, 1999 this figure increased to 13.000 t. For the production of reinforced materials different process technologies were developed. For processing the polymers the conventional methods, as injection molding, extrusion and so on are used or adapted for this special task. Mostly the processing takes place within two steps: one for the fibers and the other one for the polymer. In the first production step, so called 'hybrid fleeces' are produced. In a second step the flat hybrid fleece is heated mostly between two heated plates using a certain compression. The heat is necessary to melt the thermoplastic material or when using a phenolic resin, to start the reaction of this thermosetting material. Better heating devices are necesssary to improve the economical situation. The behaviour in respect of acoustical parameters of this material is similar to sandwich parts built up out of glass fiber composites and PU-foam and also the moldability can be improved by reducing the foam. The better absorption coefficient can be achieved by reducing the amount of PP-fibers as the bonding between the natural fibers and the polymer is then reduced. Many problems occured to achive the quality of the existing material having a thick foam. Combining this thick foam with the so called gradient fleece meant that a better absorption was got also for higher frequencies.
Molded fiber-reinforced parts-special properties and influencing parameters
2001
8 Seiten, 33 Bilder, 9 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Innenraum , Kraftfahrzeugbau , Naturfaser , Baumwolle , Hanf , Jutefaser , Ramie , Sisal , Produktion verstärkter Kunststoffe , Polymer , Faservlies , Phenolharz , Festigkeit , Kompression , Schmelzen , Druck (Mechanik) , Erhitzung , Schaum , Absorptionskoeffizient , Akustik , Technologie , Frequenz , Faserfeinheit , Leichtbauweise , Epoxidharz , Polyurethan
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