Aluminum foam cylinders were successfully fabricated up to 24 inch (61 cm) in length and 3 inch x 3 inch in cross-section. Axial compression tests were conducted on both hollow aluminum tubes and tubes filled with low density aluminum foam up to 12 inch. (30.5 cm) in length. The loading curves of the empty tubes showed an initial peak stress due to the tube buckling, followed by a sharp stress reduction during the subsequent deformation. The formation of folds in the tube was reflected in the stress modulations during compression. The loading curves of the foam-filled tubes featured a modulation in plateau stress as deformation progressed. There was no significant reduction in stress recorded during deformation. This indicates that the foam filling increased the stability of the profile and prevented the profile from instantaneous buckling. Once the tube started buckling, the foam was compressed at several locations to absorb the deformation energy and to make further compression more difficult. A specific energy absorption (SEA) value of each sample was also determined. It was observed that foam filling increased SEA for both aluminum and steel tubes. in many cases, the increase was as high as 40 %. It was also found that there was no significant difference in the recorded stress between the tubes with and without adhesive bonding of the foam to the tube ID. Three-point-bend tests were also conducted. It was found that the peak load of the foam filled tube was higher than the summation of AI foam and tube. It was also noticed that the peak load of the foam filled tube only slightly decreased as opposed to a rapid decrease in the foam and tube tested separately. The bottom part of foam filled tube (under tension) eventually yielded and the load decreased sharply after fracture occurred. Results from these tests indicated that foam filled tubes not only increase the overall peak load bearing capacity of the structure but also prevented the structure from a rapid load reduction. This combination makes foam filled profiles good candidates for energy absorbing elements.
Metal foams for improved crash energy absorption in passenger equipment
2001
14 Seiten, 21 Bilder, 4 Tabellen, 5 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Aluminium , Schaummetall , poröses Metall , Zylinder (Körper) , Axialkompression , Tube (Behälter) , Hohlkörper , gefüllter Verbundwerkstoff , Belastbarkeit , Längsstabilität , Verformung unter Last , Formänderungsarbeit , Energieabsorption , Biegeprüfung , Profil (Bauelement) , Anwendung im Fahrzeugbau , Stahl
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