There are many candidates as the prime mover of vehicles for the 21st century. Fuel cells, advanced gasoline engines, advanced diesel engines or other systems including combinations of various combustion engines with the electric motor. Fuel mileage of automobiles should be reduced to 1/10 of the present, this target should be achieved at all costs. The gasoline engine and the diesel engine represent most of the internal combustion engines for the automobile, but both have merit and demerit together and great improvements are going to be added currently in order to make the survive toward the 21st century. A drastic alternative to the internal combustion engine is being considered, namely fuel cells that utilize hydrogen or methanol as fuel. This is in progress allover the world. Its exhaust is completely non-polluting, and in particular, thermal efficiency at low load operation does not deteriorate and even becomes better which is a very desirable characteristic for an automobile. The need for efficiency improvement of the fuel cell is thought bo be as follows: The first is the loss by fuel reforming. The second problem is the feed of oxygen to the battery. In the article, the possibilities of efficiency improvement of the gasoline engine are outlined. The possibility of zero harmful emission of the diesel engine is discussed. Problems of homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion (HCCI) and their solutions are dealt with: 1. Solution by fuel supply method, 2. Problem solution with EGR and supercharging, 3. Problem solution by multistage combustion. The following items of study for future HCCI are proposed: 1. Matching of engine speed and combustion speed, 2. Check of adaptability to transient operation, 3. Characterization of fuel needs for HCCI, 4. Emission reduction by catalyst.
The improvement of the efficiency of fuel cells against the elimination of harmful emissions from the internal combustion engines
Die Antriebstechnik der Zukunft: Brennstoffzellen oder emissionsfreie Verbrennungsmotoren
JSAE Review ; 22 , 2 ; 147-150
2001
4 Seiten
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
Abgasemission , Abgasrückführung , Abgasturbolader , Antriebstechnik , Brennstoffzelle , Dieselmotor , Elektroantrieb , Emissionsminderung , Fahrzeugantrieb , Fahrzeugantriebsart , geregelter Katalysator , Kraftwagen , Methanolzelle , Otto-Motor , Stickoxid , Verbrennungsmotor , Wasserstoffzelle , Wirkungsgrad
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